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当前位置：国际口腔科学研究 > 2026年 5卷 (1)期

Open Access Article

International Oral Science Research. 2026; 5: (1) ; 23-33 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.iosr.20260007.

Research progress in diagnosis and treatment technologies for pulp and periapical diseases
牙髓及根尖周疾病诊疗技术研究进展

作者： 杨红 *

重庆医科大学重庆

*通讯作者：杨红,单位：重庆医科大学重庆；

发布时间: 2026-06-28 总浏览量: 21 下载量: 加载中...

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摘要

目的综述牙髓及根尖周疾病诊疗技术的近年进展，为临床技术应用与研究选题提供参考。方法以牙髓状态评估、活髓保存治疗、根管感染控制、牙髓再生为检索词，检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库近六年发表的系统评价、Meta分析、随机对照试验、专家共识与指南，按主题归纳。结果锥形束CT的规范化应用与人工智能影像识别显示出改善龋病与根尖周病病变识别的潜力，但影像检查的适用边界与模型的外部验证仍存不足；脉搏血氧测定与激光多普勒血流测量可为牙髓状态评估提供客观信息，但在设备专用化与干扰控制方面仍有局限；以硅酸钙类生物活性材料为支撑的活髓保存治疗适应证由年轻恒牙扩展至成熟恒牙；根管感染的微生物学机制研究与新型封药、再生性牙髓治疗共同形成了保存患牙的新技术路径。结论牙髓及根尖周疾病的诊疗技术正沿诊断客观化、治疗微创化与过程数字化方向发展，今后应重点推进人工智能模型的多中心外部验证与临床效用评价、牙髓血供检测的专用化，以及再生性治疗的标准化与组织学评价。

关键词： 牙髓及根尖周疾病；锥形束CT；人工智能；脉搏血氧测定；活髓保存治疗；生物活性材料；牙髓再生；综述

Abstract

Objective To review recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies for pulp and periapical diseases, providing a reference for clinical application and the selection of research topics.
Methods Using keywords such as pulp status assessment, vital pulp therapy, root canal infection control, and pulp regeneration, a search was conducted across databases including CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and Web of Science for systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, expert consensus statements, and guidelines published within the last six years; the findings were then summarized by theme.
Results Standardized application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and AI-based image recognition demonstrate potential for improving the detection of caries and periapical lesions, though limitations remain regarding the scope of application for imaging and the external validation of models. Pulse oximetry and laser Doppler flowmetry provide objective data for assessing pulp status, yet limitations persist concerning equipment specialization and interference control. Indications for vital pulp therapy—supported by calcium silicate-based bioactive materials—have expanded from young permanent teeth to mature permanent teeth. Research into the microbiological mechanisms of root canal infection, combined with novel intracanal medicaments and regenerative endodontic procedures, has established new technological pathways for tooth preservation.
Conclusion Diagnostic and therapeutic technologies for pulp and periapical diseases are evolving toward objective diagnosis, minimally invasive treatment, and digital workflows. Future efforts should prioritize the multi-center external validation and clinical utility assessment of AI models, the specialization of pulp blood supply monitoring, and the standardization and histological evaluation of regenerative therapies.

Key words： Pulp and periapical diseases; Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT); Artificial intelligence; Pulse oximetry; Vital pulp therapy; Bioactive materials; Pulp regeneration; Review

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引用本文

杨红, 牙髓及根尖周疾病诊疗技术研究进展[J]. 国际口腔科学研究, 2026; 5: (1) : 23-33.

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